1's and 2's Complement

1's and 2's Complement, Example: 1’s complement and 2’s complement are two important binary concepts. Two’s complement is especially important because it allows us to represent signed numbers in binary, and one’s complement is the interim step to finding the two’s complement.

• 1’s Complement

If all bits in a byte are inverted by changing each 1 to 0 and each 0 to 1, we have formed the one’s complement of the number.
 

Original       One's Complement
-------------------------------
10011001  -->  01100110
10000001  -->  01111110
11110000  -->  00001111
11111111  -->  00000000
00000000  -->  11111111

  

• 2’s Complement

The two’s complement is a method for representing positive and negative integer values in binary. The useful part of two’s complement is that it automatically includes the sign bit.

Step 1: Begin with the original binary value

    10011001  Original byte

Step 2: Find the one's complement

    01100110  One's complement

Step 3: Add 1  to the one's complement

    01100110  One's complement
  +        1  Add 1
 -----------
    01100111  <---  Two's complement

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Important Computer Keyboard Shortcuts

Some Important Keyboard Shortcuts in Daily Life:
Keyboard Shortcuts (Microsoft Windows)
1. CTRL+C (Copy)
2. CTRL+X (Cut)
... 3. CTRL+V (Paste)
4. CTRL+Z (Undo)
5. DELETE (Delete)
6. SHIFT+DELETE (Permanent Delete, without placing the item in the Recycle Bin)
7. CTRL while dragging an item (Copy the selected item)
8. CTRL+SHIFT while dragging an item (Create a shortcut to the selected item)
9. F2 key (Rename the selected item)
10. CTRL+RIGHT ARROW (Move the insertion point to the beginning of the next word)
11. CTRL+LEFT ARROW (Move the insertion point to the beginning of the previous word)
12. CTRL+DOWN ARROW (Move the insertion point to the beginning of the next paragraph)
13. CTRL+UP ARROW (Move the insertion point to the beginning of the previous paragraph)
14. CTRL+SHIFT with any of the arrow keys (Highlight a block of text) SHIFT with any of the arrow keys (Select more than one item in a window or on the desktop, or select text in a document)
15. CTRL+A (Select all)

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What does BIT stands for in Computers

What does BIT stands for in Computers: It's not an acronyms but we prefer to say it as World. Bit is a short for Binary DigIT. Bit is short for Binary Digit, meaning how much information is processed per clock cycle. A 64-bit computer processes 64 lots of information at one time. Each lot of information processed is made up of different combinations of 1's and 0's.

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Which company is known as Big Blue ?

Which company is known as "Big Blue" :  International Business Machines (IBM). Corporation is called the Big Blue Company. According to the IBM website, the term did not originate from within the company. There are many stories behind "Big Blue" for IBM. Some of main stories are:

1. IBM was among the blue-chip stocks on the US stock market, IBM was a steady and consistently high performer over the years. It regularly gave good dividends to its shareholders and that's why it came to be called the Big Blue. 

2. Big Blue term term may have been derived from the blue user manuals that came with certain IBM products. 

3. Another theory is that the term simply refers to the company's blue logo.

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